information linux
Linux

Collecter les informations système et Hardware sous Linux

Avoir des informations sur votre système et matériels est toujours utili pour éviter les soucis de compatibilité encas d’installation d’un nouveau package ou d’un application.

Dans cette article nous allons voir quelques commandes utils permettant de collecter les information système et matériels sous Linux.

Afficher les information système de Linux :

-Pour afficher uniquement le nom du système :

[root@Linux ~]# uname
Linux

-Pour afficher le nom de la machine :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# uname -v
#1 SMP Thu Apr 8 19:51:47 UTC 2021

-Pour afficher l’architecture de la machine :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# uname -m
x86_64

-Vous pouvez afficher toutes les infos précedente avec une seule commande :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# uname -a
Linux node1 3.10.0-1160.24.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Apr 8 19:51:47 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Afficher les informations matériels :

-Utilisez la command lshw le détails sur le matériel :

[root@node1 ~]# lshw
node1
    description: Computer
    product: VMware Virtual Platform
    vendor: VMware, Inc.
    version: None
    serial: VMware-56 4d 62 04 6e a7 c3 03-a5 24 a1 30 a2 a9 88 47
    width: 64 bits
    capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32
    configuration: administrator_password=enabled boot=normal frontpanel_password=unknown keyboard_password=unknown power-on_password=disabled uuid=564D6204-6EA7-C303-A524-A130A2A98847
  *-core
       description: Motherboard
       product: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 0
       version: None
       serial: None
     *-firmware
          description: BIOS
          vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
          physical id: 0
          version: 6.00
          date: 07/22/2020
          size: 86KiB
          capabilities: isa pci pcmcia pnp apm upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect edd int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi smartbattery biosbootspecification netboot
     *-cpu:0
          description: CPU
          product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4590 CPU @ 3.30GHz
          vendor: Intel Corp.
          vendor_id: GenuineIntel
          physical id: 1
          bus info: cpu@0
          version: 6.60.3
          slot: CPU #000
          size: 3300MHz
          capacity: 4230MHz
          width: 64 bits

-Vous pouvez également afficher un résumé des infos matériels :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# lshw -short
H/W path           Device      Class          Description
=========================================================
                               system         VMware Virtual Platform
/0                             bus            440BX Desktop Reference Platform
/0/0                           memory         86KiB BIOS
/0/1                           processor      Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4590 CPU @ 3.30GHz
/0/1/0                         memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/1/1                         memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/2                           processor      CPU
/0/5                           processor      CPU
/0/5/95                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/6                           processor      CPU
/0/6/96                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/7                           processor      CPU
/0/7/97                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/8                           processor      CPU
/0/8/98                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/9                           processor      CPU
/0/9/99                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/a                           processor      CPU
/0/a/9a                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/b                           processor      CPU
/0/b/9b                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/c                           processor      CPU
/0/c/9c                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/d                           processor      CPU
/0/d/9d                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/e                           processor      CPU
/0/e/9e                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/f                           processor      CPU
/0/f/9f                        memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/10                          processor      CPU
/0/10/a0                       memory         16KiB L1 cache
/0/11                          processor      CPU

-Afficher les informations de CPU :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                1
On-line CPU(s) list:   0
Thread(s) per core:    1
Core(s) per socket:    1
Socket(s):             1
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 60
Model name:            Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4590 CPU @ 3.30GHz
Stepping:              3
CPU MHz:               3292.377
BogoMIPS:              6584.75
Hypervisor vendor:     VMware
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              256K
L3 cache:              6144K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0
Flags:                 fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid xsaveopt arat md_clear spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d arch_capabilities

-Afficher les informations sur les stockage par block ( Block device ) :

Block device sont des périphériques de stockage tels que les disques durs, la commande lsblk ( list block) permet d’afficher les information de ce type de stockage :

[root@node1 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   10G  0 disk
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0    9G  0 part
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    8G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    1G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom

-Afficher les informations sur les controlleurs USB :

[root@node1 ~]# lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

Si vous ne trouvez pas la commande lsusb, vous pouvez installer le package

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# lsusb
-bash: lsusb: command not found
[root@LinuxSrv ~]# yum install usbutils

-Afficher les informations sur les périphériques SCSI :

Pour cela il faut installer le package et puis taper la commande ci-dessous :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# yum install lsscsi
[root@LinuxSrv ~]# lsscsi
[0:0:0:0]    disk    VMware,  VMware Virtual S 1.0   /dev/sda
[2:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  NECVMWar VMware IDE CDR10 1.00  /dev/sr0

-Afficher les informations sur les périphérique SATA :

Installer le package hdparm :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# yum install hdparm

Puis taper la commande ci-dessous :

[root@LinuxSrv ~]# hdparm /dev/sda


/dev/sda:
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]:  70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 multcount     =  0 (off)
 readonly      =  0 (off)
 readahead     = 8192 (on)
 geometry      = 1305/255/63, sectors = 20971520, start = 0

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