DNF ( DaNdified Yum ) is the new generation of yum, it replaces yum of RMP package manager based systems like RedHat, Fedora and CentOS. It several advantages over yum, such as support for multiple repositories, less memory consumption, fast dependency management and more.
In this guide we will see some essential examples of the dnf command to know.
Installation :
dnf is installed by default on Fedora 22 and CentOS 8, however it’s not for CentOS 7 and RHEL7, to install it just use the command below:
[root@server ~]# yum install dnf . . . Installed: dnf.noarch 0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9 Dependency Installed: deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.6-3.el7 dnf-data.noarch 0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9 libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-14.el7 libdnf.x86_64 0:0.22.5-2.el7_9 libmodulemd.x86_64 0:1.6.3-1.el7 librepo.x86_64 0:1.8.1-8.el7_9 libreport-filesystem.x86_64 0:2.1.11-53.el7.centos libsolv.x86_64 0:0.6.34-4.el7 libyaml.x86_64 0:0.1.4-11.el7_0 python-enum34.noarch 0:1.0.4-1.el7 python2-dnf.noarch 0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9 python2-hawkey.x86_64 0:0.22.5-2.el7_9 python2-libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-14.el7 python2-libdnf.x86_64 0:0.22.5-2.el7_9 Complete!
Somme example of DNF Commands :
Display dnf version :
[root@server ~]# dnf --version 4.0.9 Installed: dnf-0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9.noarch at Tue 21 Sep 2021 11:19:25 AM EST Built : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org> at Wed 07 Apr 2021 03:52:38 PM EST
Install a package :
[root@server ~]# dnf install net-tools . . . Downloading Packages: net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm 666 kB/s | 306 kB 00:00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 337 kB/s | 306 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 Running scriptlet: net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed: net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 Complete!
You can install multiple packages with one command :
[root@server ~]# dnf vim install bash-completion net-tools
Display information about a package :
To display information on a package, whether it is installed or not, use the command below :
[root@server ~]# dnf info net-tools
Last metadata expiration check: 0:17:18 ago on Tue 21 Sep 2021 07:25:58 AM EDT.
Installed Packages
Name : net-tools
Version : 2.0
Release : 0.25.20131004git.el7
Arch : x86_64
Size : 917 k
Source : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.src.rpm
Repo : @System
From repo : base
Summary : Basic networking tools
URL : http://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/
License : GPLv2+
Description : The net-tools package contains basic networking tools,
: including ifconfig, netstat, route, and others.
: Most of them are obsolete. For replacement check iproute package.Update a package :
[root@server ~]# dnf update net-tools Last metadata expiration check: 0:20:43 ago on Tue 21 Sep 2021 07:25:58 AM EDT. Dependencies resolved. Nothing to do. Complete!
As you can see, net-tools package is already up to date.
Checking the updates for a package :
If you want to know if there are any updates for an installed package, just type :
[root@server ~]# dnf list python-firewall.noarch Last metadata expiration check: 0:26:47 ago on Tue 21 Sep 2021 07:25:58 AM EDT. Installed Packages python-firewall.noarch 0.6.3-12.el7 @System Available Packages python-firewall.noarch 0.6.3-13.el7_9 updates
« @system » indicates the current package, while « updates » indicates the new package available on the repository.
if you want to check the updates for all installed packages, use the following command:
[root@server ~]# dnf check-update Last metadata expiration check: 0:34:10 ago on Tue 21 Sep 2021 07:25:58 AM EDT. bind-export-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.7 updates bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.7 updates bind-libs-lite.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.7 updates bind-license.noarch 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.7 updates bind-utils.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.7 updates device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 updates device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 updates device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 updates device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 updates dhclient.x86_64 12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.1 updates dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.1 updates dhcp-libs.x86_64 12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.1 updates firewalld.noarch 0.6.3-13.el7_9 updates firewalld-filesystem.noarch 0.6.3-13.el7_9 updates glib2.x86_64 2.56.1-9.el7_9 updates
Update all packages :
[root@srv ~]# dnf update [root@srv ~]# dnf upgrade
Download a package without installing it :
You can do that with the following command :
[root@server ~]# dnf-download samba
Delete a package :
[root@server ~]# dnf remove net-tools Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================== Removing: net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 @base 917 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================== Remove 1 Package Freed space: 917 k Is this ok [y/N]:
List installed packages :
[root@server ~]# dnf list installed Installed Packages NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 @System NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 @System NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 @System NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 @System acl.x86_64 2.2.51-15.el7 @System aic94xx-firmware.noarch 30-6.el7 @System alsa-firmware.noarch 1.0.28-2.el7 @System alsa-lib.x86_64 1.1.8-1.el7 @System alsa-tools-firmware.x86_64 1.1.0-1.el7 @System apr.x86_64 1.4.8-7.el7 @System
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